T. Bosch, J. Mukuddem-Petersen, and M.A. Petersen (South Africa)
HIV/AIDS; Quality-Adjusted Life-Year (QALY) model; Economic Impact; Economic Evaluation; Cost Effectiveness; Africa.
HIV/AIDS has a profound economic impact on individu als, households, communities and populations. Striking a balance between the prevention, treatment and care of this disease is especially difficult for low-income countries such as those in Africa. This problem is further exacerbated by social, logistic and cost barriers. Our paper considers the quality adjusted life year (QALY) model as a suitable tool to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of HIV/AIDS interven tions in Africa. In this regard, the linear QALY model is explained and applied to scenarios where this disease is discussed. In this regard, from the existing research it is apparent that economic evaluations using QALY is a partic ularly useful and relevant methodological approach. Many of these contributions rely heavily on Markov models that involve continuous-time decision making problems. Our main conclusion is that due to the escalating economic ram ifications of HIV/AIDS in Africa, evaluation via the QALY model can facilitate prudent medical decision making de signed to combat the disease.
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