C. Balakrishna Moorthy∗ and S. Sivamani∗,∗∗
Autonomous robots, hazardous environments, applications, case studies, challenges
The field of robotics has seen significant progress towards realising long-awaited visions, particularly in scenarios such as rescuing individuals from hazardous environments like burning buildings or navigating through rock falls to reach stranded miners. The present review paper comprehensively explores the realm of autonomous robots, covering their evolution, types, applications in hazardous environments, real-world examples, limitations, challenges, safety integration, and regulatory compliance. Hazardous settings present unique obstacles, ranging from radioactive exposure to explosive hazards, necessitating innovative solutions for mission success. The review also discusses the challenges faced by autonomous robots, such as technological limitations, ethical considerations, and safety concerns, emphasising the importance of integrating safety measures and complying with regulations in deploying these systems. Teleoperated robots have emerged as valuable assets for tasks, such as underwater engineering and explosive ordnance disposal, showcasing cost-effectiveness compared to telepresence technologies despite performance constraints. However, critical applications like firefighting, high-level radioactive decontamination, and landmine removal continue to pose unresolved challenges, highlighting the ongoing need for advancements in robotics technology. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of autonomous robots’ capabilities, applications, challenges, and the critical role they play in advancing technology and addressing societal needs.
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